Chioma Umeha
Birth registration is a right. Article 7 of the
Convention on the Rights of the Child specifies, “Every child has the right to
be registered at birth without any discrimination.” Therefore, birth
registration is expected to be carried out immediately after birth.
It should also be free and accessible to all, even
if children are registered late.
The United Nation’s Children Fund (UNICEF) notes,
“Children with no birth certificate don’t exist before the law, and are in
danger of remaining on the margins of society, or being shut out altogether.
“They are more likely to face major challenges in
accessing healthcare, education and social assistance.”
This issue was brought to the fore recently in
Kano at a media dialogue on birth registration organised by UNICEF in
conjunction with the Federal Ministry of Information and Culture (FMIC) and
National Population Commission (NPopC).
Mrs. Sharon Oladiji, Child Protection Specialist,
UNICEF, in her presentation, ‘Current Situation of Birth Registration in
Nigeria’ notes that birth registration in 2018 is abysmally low, revealing that
“the performance of birth registration is only 32 per cent.”
For her, this figure shows that “all the states
have low registration and this can be traceable to some limitations which must
be urgently addressed.”
Oladiji also says, only eight per cent of
under-five children are registered in Nigeria. She noted that birth
registration is a key issue evidenced by a birth certificate and requires
urgent attention.
The Child Protection Specialist states, “Currently
only eight per cent of under-five children are registered in Nigeria:
http:br.rapidsmsnigeria.org.
“Only 44 per cent of Africa’s births are
registered, leaving an estimated 85 million children under five unregistered.
“Eight of the 10 countries with the lowest levels
of birth registration are in Sub-Saharan Africa, with Nigeria having the
largest population of unregistered children.”
Noting that about 62 per cent of children were
given birth to outside Nigeria’s health facilities, Oladiji stresses, the
advocacy at all state levels, if strengthened would support birth registration.
She insists that the importance of birth
registration to the national development could not be overemphasised as this
would allow the government to make right policies for the betterment of all
citizens.
She further says, only 40 per cent of women access
healthcare facilities which were a major problem in birth registration,
querying, “When women don’t visit the healthcare, how do you expect them to
register?
“In 2016, registered birth under aged one is
2,519,071 which translated to 51 per cent of the estimated birth in the
country.
“But in 2017, it is reduced to 7,066 birth
registration out of the 4,758,812 expected births under the age of one.
She notes, the 2013 National Demographic Health
Survey (DHS) revealed the low level of registration which could not be
traceable to only ignorance of rural community dwellers while calling on Civil
Society Organisations and the media to rise up to the challenge.
Oladiji who presented the Rapid sms data dashboard
of Birth Registration also comments, “It shows the status of U1 and U5 BR in
Nigeria for years 2016 and 2017, adding, “This depicts a glaring decline in BR
at present.”
This implies that people were not registering the
birth of their children probably because they did not know the importance of
BR, she adds.
A major essence of presenting the Rapid sms data,
she explains, is to highlight the gaps which exist in the BR process in the
country and arm journalists with data.
The Child Protection Specialist observes that this
would help media advocacy for relevant actors – parents, caregivers,
religious/traditional/community leaders, LG chairmen, etc. These are the
individuals needed to bring about the desired behaviour change towards birth
registration within the next three months.
She further explains that birth registration is
free for children under 17, adding that those who claimed that they pay to procure
birth certificates from the health facilities and Local Government Areas are
above specified age.
She projects, from 2015-2050, Nigeria would be
producing 257 million children in Africa, and these children needs to be
planned for.
Further Oladiji provides the lists of the benefit
of birth registration in the country to the Nigerian child if registered noting
that it covers health, education, survival, social services initiatives,
developmental goals, etc.
She observes, birth registration processes face
some challenges, some of which are both internal and external. The internal
challenge is within NPopC, while the external concerns health, education,
community and other government actors.
She stresses the need for inter-agency
collaboration and extensive media campaigns to help surmount the weak knowledge
of birth registration process and create awareness of the operations of NPopC.
In her presentation titled, National Population
Commission: The historical Perspective of BR in Nigeria, Haiya Husaini
highlights a host of challenges the institution is facing – ranging from lack
of infrastructure, weak knowledge base of people, to collaborations.
She however notes that the collaboration with
UNICEF has resulted in production of radio jingles and print materials
currently being utilised in on-going enlightenment campaigns.
Jude Inegbeboh, another facilitator demonstrated
how to navigate the Rapid sms dashboard to help participants gain more
knowledge and information on BR situation, thereby deriving data needed to do
evidence-based stories.
Alhaji Lai Mohammed, the Minister of Information,
Culture and Tourism, in his welcome address corroborates that there is need for
widespread media campaign to enlighten and create awareness in homes,
communities and at all levels of government on birth registration.
Mohammed, who was represented by Mr. Olumide
Osanyipeju, Head of Advocacy, Child Right Information Bureau in the Ministry,
also says the low awareness of birth registration had resulted to lack of
planning.
“The low level, or apparently lack of awareness on
the importance of birth registration has resulted in lack of planning for
children and improper capturing of this important segment of our society in
developmental and social processes that affect them.
“Workable solutions to this general weak knowledge
can begin right from the homes and communities and through a wide spread media
campaign aimed at creating awareness at all levels of governance and civil
society.”
He adds, the media campaign would drive demand for
birth registration services and promote increased knowledge on the importance
of birth registration.
Mr. Geoffrey Njoku had noted at the beginning of
the dialogue that its objectives and expected outcomes would provide the media
with information on the current situation of birth registration in the country.
Njoku stresses the need for NPopC to work with
media practitioners to do stories that will positively influence policies and
attitudes to improve birth registration indices in the country.
