Difference Between Primary And Secondary Infertility


Secondary infertility is defined as the inability to conceive for the second time, or, more accurately, the next time. It can also be defined as having had a live birth.
Primary infertility means not having had a child by birth that is the inability thus far to have conceived and carried to term a baby.
In summary, primary infertility is the term used when a woman has never had a successful birth of a child and secondary infertility is the inability to conceive after having already had a successful birth. Both types of infertility are common amongst couples who are infertile and the causes and treatments are similar for both.
 Female issues
Female infertility may be caused by any number of situations, including abnormalities of the uterus, such as a septate uterus. A septate uterus is a condition wherein the wall of the uterus (septum) is divided either partially or fully, into two cavities. The treatment for a septate uterus is surgical since hormones do not seem to affect the situation. The diagnosis is made using a special uterine x-rate which will expose abnormalities like scarring, polyps, fibroids or a uterus which is abnormally shaped. A metroplasty is performed – a procedure to remove the septum or division in the uterus. The surgery can be done vaginally, using a telescope-like device which is placed into the vagina and then into the uterus, or it can be done by laparotomy, an incision in the abdomen. About 80 percent of women who have surgery to remove septum and reshape the uterus have later successfully become pregnant and carried their baby to term.

Male infertility
Male infertility can be affected by a wide variety of disorders and external influences as well. A qualified medical professional would have to do tests to determine exactly what the problem is – whether it is environmental, physical or emotional.
There are two primary reasons cited for male infertility, one of which is the vasectomy and the other varicocele. Nearly 56 per cent of men seeking to conceive with their partners in study done in 2001 had had a vasectomy and were seeking to reverse the procedure. In the same study, 14 per cent were infertile due to varicocele – the swelling of the veins in the spermatic cord of the scrotum for which surgical correction is necessary. Genetics, age, lifestyle, stress, overheating and chronic illnesses such as diabetes and high blood pressure all affect the production of sperm for a man.
 Sometimes it can be easily fixed
In some cases, secondary infertility may be something which can be medically addressed, such as a blockage in the fallopian tubes. The impact of secondary infertility can be every bit as devastating as primary infertility, and in some cases even more so if it is unexplained. The feelings of guilt and confusion are often overwhelming and it is important for couples who have had a successful pregnancy and birth to seek whatever help they need to be able to understand and explore possibilities of conception.


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Limited Information Frustrates Young Women From Using Family Planning

Image
BY CHIOMA UMEHA, Awareness and proper understanding of family planning has been recognised to reduce maternal death among young women of reproductive age between 15 and 49. Data on Sexual Reproductive Health outcomes in Nigeria stresses the importance of focusing on adolescents. At 576 maternal death per 1,000 live births, Nigeria accounts for 14 percent of the global burden of maternal mortality (NDHS 2013/WHO 2014). Global evidence shows that young girls bear a higher burden of maternal mortality and morbidity. Data shows that the average age at sexual debut is roughly 15 years of age among adolescent mothers in Nigeria. (NDHS 2003, 2008, 2013). The National adolescent fertility rate in Nigeria is 122 births per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19 years. In the North Western States, it is as high as 171 births per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19 years. To stem this, the government of Lagos State with support from partners and other donor agencies has put in place youth-friendly he
Read more

Nestle Takes Action To Promote Safe Food And Empowers Food Vendors

Image
By Umeha Ucheoma Ogun Photo:  Funmi Osineye, Manager, Nestlé Professional Nigeria, educating the participants on the use of MAGGI seasoning. The quality and cost of these items for consumers are two factors that experts advise food businesses to always take into consideration.  According to the World Health Organization (WHO), a balanced diet is important for both excellent nutrition and health, and it may also lengthen life.  A variety of chronic non-communicable diseases, including heart disease, diabetes, and cancer, can be prevented by eating a balanced diet, which also strengthens muscles, improves immunity, strengthens bones, and keeps skin, teeth, and eyes healthy. Sadly, in a low-income nation like Nigeria, the caterers, food sellers, canteens, and "bukkas" that cater to this market sector do not always receive the support they require to offer wholesome, affordable meals that may guarantee that their clients receive the nutrients needed for optimum health.  However,
Read more

PSN President Commissions ACPN National Secretariat

Image
Chioma Umeha History was made among the community pharmacists recently, as the national body of the Association of Community Pharmacists (ACPN) inaugurated its National Secretariat at Ikeja, Lagos State. The event was graced by many notable personalities in the pharmaceutical sector including, Pharm. Ahmed Yakasai, the president of the Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria (PSN) who commissioned the befitting edifice. Other notable guests at the event were – Dr. UNO Uwaga, the Chairman of the Board of Trustees for ACPN; Pharm. Bukky George, the Managing Director of Healthplus, among many former presidents of different pharmaceutical bodies. Pharm. Yakasai stated that it was a thing of joy for him to see this development come to light. He said that he is ‘a proud father’ as the inauguration of the building was a “testimony of when you have a proud son who can carry out directives.” He described the secretariat as “A home for all pharmacists across board.”
Read more